The Book of Selected Readings 2024

Cover of the International Visual Literacy Association's 2024 Book of Selected Reading. Graphic of logo and text.

The Book of Selected Readings Editorial Philosophy

IVLA is an eclectic organization of professionals working toward a fuller understanding of how we derive meaning from what we see and how we interact with our visual environment. IVLA members represent a wide range of disciplines including the arts, sciences, education, museum, library, communication, business, videography, photography, instructional technology, health, and computer applications.

Each year, members come together at a conference held in conjunction with a university, museum or organization to present their ongoing work and to share perspectives in a multidisciplinary forum. Characterized by many different voices, and cross-fertilization of ideas, interests and values, discussion is a lively mix of scholarship, creativity, and applications. Since the founding of the organization in 1968, this dynamic interaction between practitioners and theorists has been IVLA’s greatest strength.

The Book of Selected Readings (BSR) is a peer reviewed collection of papers, selected from the presentations at the annual IVLA Conference. It is meant to reflect the spirit of the ongoing conversation among its diverse members and to promote new perspectives in its readers. Included in the BSR are creative ideas in the making, works in progress that invite further thought and the results of long-term scholarly research. For the 2023 BSR, the art works awarded and honored at the international online juried art exhibition are included.

What makes the BSR special, like the members of IVLA who have contributed to it, is that it represents this broad range of interests and reflects some of the most diverse thinking in the field of visual communication.

In addition, the BSR truly presents the international perspectives. Ten selected articles published in the 2024 BSR came from five different countries, Greece, Sweden, Russia, and Japan as well as USA.

We are proud to present these multi-faceted works.

International Visual Literacy Association Publications Committee
First stated in 1998

Jung Lee, Editor-in-chief 2024

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Featured Chapters

Editors’ Choice Award

Félicia Barrett
Purdue University, USA

Petronio Bendito
Purdue University, USA

Alexandra Jacobson
Purdue University, USA

Abstract:
This chapter outlines a framework for teaching AR that enhances communication and creates engaging experiences. An overview of the history of AR is provided based on its development in the past two decades. The paper introduces a teaching model for promoting Augmented Reality literacy while using the computer as a creative medium. The main topics include enhancing traditional print and digital media, creating interactive experiences, improving accessibility for diverse audiences, and using it as a sustainable tool in design processes. The model was implemented into undergraduate Visual Communication Design computing courses. Visual literacy serves as a cornerstone in equipping students with the tools and knowledge necessary to excel in the dynamic field of AR design and development. By honing visual literacy skills, students gain the ability to comprehend, analyze, and interpret visual information, which is essential for creating meaningful AR experiences.

Keywords: Augmented Reality education, AR teaching framework, AR literacy, instructional design, visual communication design

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Micaela Deogracias
Indiana University, USA

Christina Ulrich Jones
Indiana University, USA

Abstract:

This chapter presents a case study examining the impact of visual literacy instruction on pre-service teachers. The study is contextualized within the Banned Books Week programming at an academic library. Considering the widespread presence of educational displays in schools, the authors focused on the social injustice of censorship to highlight the influence of school bulletin boards and classroom doors. The students engaged in two activities: first, a lecture and discussion about contemporary censorship in schools; second, explicit visual literacy instruction to prepare for creating their own educational display. Students implemented their designs on the classroom doors of the institution. The authors’ analysis of the decorated doors suggests a positive correlation between the instruction and visual impact of student designs. The authors recommend further efforts to offer visual literacy instruction in teacher education programs and additional opportunities for hands-on experience to cultivate a culture of social justice in schools and classrooms through educational displays.

Keywords: Social justice, Educational displays, Teacher education, Visual literacy instruction

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Margaretha Häggström
University of Gothenburg, Sweden

Abstract:

Humans are inherently storytelling beings. From early childhood, narratives permeate our lives, encompassing a spectrum from imaginary tales and fairy tales to reality-based accounts. Throughout history, the content and modes of storytelling have evolved, reflecting distinctive aspects of each era. Visual narratives, integral to human communication, have manifested across time, from ancient cave drawings, hieroglyphics, and murals to medieval tapestries, modern graphic novels, and virtual interactive reality narratives. Storytelling serves as a crucial vehicle for envisioning diverse realities and imagining alternative futures. In this paper, visual literacy, including the abilities to create, share, understand, use, and analyze visual narratives, is discussed as a profound foundation for human communication. The discussion is framed within McFee’s work and her sociocultural approach to visual literacy, and artmaking. One conclusion is that art making can function as a democratic tool for reevaluating values related to equality and justice, thus acting as a catalyst for societal transformation. The content is elucidated through illustrations, crafted by the author.

Keywords: Visual literacy, Visual culture, communication, visual narratives, June King McFee

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Hyeju Han
National Louis University, USA

Mark Newman
National Louis University, USA

Xiaoning Chen
National Louis University, USA

Abstract:

Critical visual literacy is an important skill set for current and future educators, as well as preschool to 12th- grade students. It emphasizes critical analysis of visuals in their sociocultural context to evaluate power dynamics and plan for change. A team of three education faculty developed and implemented a critical visual literacy inquiry model in three graduate-level courses during the 2022-2023 academic year. The flexibility of this model allowed for the adaptation of different visuals and activities based on each course’s specific needs and its students. This paper explains the process of developing and implementing the model, offering insights and recommendations to enhance the teacher education curriculum. It aims to improve the knowledge of critical visual literacy for both pre-service and in-service teachers, empowering them to design culturally responsive learning experiences that cater to diverse student populations effectively.

Keywords: critical visual literacy, inquiry model, curriculum design, culturally responsive teaching and learning


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Daniel Lichtman
Stockton University, USA

Abstract:

The Community Game Development Toolkit (CGDT) is a set of tools that make it easy and fun for students, artists, researchers and community members to create their own visually rich, interactive 3D environments and story-based games without the use of coding or other specialized game-design skills. Building on the popular 3D game design engine Unity, the toolkit provides intuitive tools for diverse communities to represent their own traditions, rituals and heritages through interactive, visual storytelling. Projects can be built for desktop, mobile and VR applications. The toolkit is used to teach game design and interactivity at universities across the country, used by students, artists and researchers, and supported by several grants. This paper provides context about what kind of work students, artists and researchers have created using the toolkit and provides documentation for how to use the toolkit. See https://danielp73.github.io/Community-Game-Development-Toolkit/ for updated documentation and other information about the toolkit.

Keywords: game design, collage, collaboration, worldbuilding, speculative futures

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Emilee Mathews
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA

Abstract:

This chapter considers specific learning outcomes from centering students’ agency and growth via the process and perspectives of collage and assemblage. I argue that these actions empower students to arrange, array, and dialogue with disparate sets of information, creating a unique synthesis of a priori and a posteriori knowledge. Collage questions authority, emphasizes process, asks open-ended questions, creates dialogue, and sets up an exploratory, questing dynamic. I ground these thoughts in visual literacy, culture, and theory with Deleuze and Guattari, McLuhan, Barthes, and hooks. I then illustrate these connections via several case studies, including information literacy sessions in new media, sculpture, and architecture.

Keywords: collage, assemblage, bricolage, visual literacy, art making, zines

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Mike Olson
University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, USA

Abstract:

Critical visual literacy develops the ability to investigate the social and cultural contexts of visuals to illuminate power relations. Artist-activist Violet Ray’s critical response to visual culture provides a potent example of how visual literacies can be activated to interpret and creatively confront received cultural imagery. Informed by John Berger’s Ways of Seeing, which considered power’s privileged manipulation of visual imagery as a tool of social and economic dominance, this paper considers Ray’s photo collages of visual protest as counterimages that subvert cultural value messaging through the juxtaposition of advertising and news photo source imagery. Viewed in relation to the Framework for Visual Literacy in Higher Education, this paper examines the methods by which Violet Ray’s confrontational collages pursue social justice through visual practice. Through this exploration, the paper contributes to the growing discourse on critical visual literacy, emphasizing its role in activism and the pursuit of social change.

Keywords: artist-activists, counterimages, critical visual literacy, social justice movements, visual culture

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Marita Ibañez Sandoval
University of Tsukuba, Japan

Gary McLeod
University of Tsukuba, Japan

Amber Ma
University of Tsukuba, Japan

Abstract:

If sole use of digital cameras leads to impoverished means for visually recording and expressing experiences, ways are needed to introduce everyday camera users to affordances of other photomedia. As a typical first move, camera film enjoys consumer attention as an analog alternative to digital photomedia. However, developing the film at photo labs also distances users from conversations about environmental impact. Caffenol is often proposed as one sustainable alternative to traditional film development. Comprising coffee, washing soda, and vitamin C, it is receiving more attention in educational environments and enjoying discussion about its techniques and recipes. Though much emphasis has been on technical and environmental merits, less is said about the experiential dimension of using caffenol, including how to perceive and engage with the creative and sensory aspects of the development process in educational settings. This chapter adopts an anecdotal yet visual approach to explore caffenol through practical activities with varied student groups. Promoting informal repetition, analysis, and conversation, we posit that the caffenol process is not only environmentally friendlier and accessible––not to mention aromatic– –but it can also support visual literacy and cultural understanding.

Keywords: Caffenol, Sustainable Photography, Darkrooms, Photomedia Literacy, Visual Literacy

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Nikolay Selivanov
Studio of art designing, Russia

Abstract:

The understanding of painting works as visual systems implies the analysis of these systems by the method of graphic schematization, which allows to the revealing the interaction of all visual elements of the system. Schematization corresponds to the spatial construction of visual images, which is the basis of visual activity. With the help of graphic schematization one can effectively develop the basics of visual literacy, as schematization is the most important tool for any visual studies. The article describes the author’s method of visual-graphical analysis of works of painting. One of the key innovations of the author’s method is the identification of implied lines rather than depicted lines, which are no less significant elements of visual systems created by the authors of painting works. Examples of this analysis demonstrate the different possibilities and great creative potential of graphic schematization for interpreting and actualizing painting works from different epochs that remain things-in-themselves until today.

Keywords: visual literacy, schematization, visual systems, analysis of painting

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Nikolaos Ath. Stamos
Hellenic Open University, Greece

Abstract:

In this research, we deal with the connective way in which art can meet history in terms of methodology and multiliteracies. The historical framework of this study is the Renaissance in Flanders, the Dutch Golden Age, humanism (16th & 17th centuries A.D.), and the influence of Greco-Roman antiquity. Our aim was to determine if students can use Flemish paintings as an educational medium in order to selectively expand their visual and historical knowledge as they interpret portraits historiques (portraits of noble persons in mythological disguise). We examined the students’ observation-interpretation of these paintings and the way they could exhibit the development of visual-historical literacy. Within this study, we followed basic assumptions of Perkins (visual part) and Moniot (historical part). The case study method used here included 12-year-old students of a Greek primary school. Qualitative content analysis was performed on data from student interviews and student text production. Regarding the findings, students’ reading and interpretation of the image seemed to strengthen their visual literacy development, which in turn helped their historical literacy acquisition through a method of observing and comparing information.

Keywords: visual literacy, portraits historiques, art in history education, Greek mythology, Renaissance.

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